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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women by family planning method use, Blantyre, Malawi, 2003-2005

From: Use of effective family planning methods and frequency of sex among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected African women

 

HIV-infected

HIV-uninfected

Characteristics

Level

EFPa (N = 453)

Non-EFP (N = 356)

P-valueb

EFP (N = 568)

Non-EFP (N = 229)

P-value

Age groups, n (%)

30+

92 (20.3)

137 (38.5)

< 0.0001

112 (19.7)

86 (37.6)

< 0.0001

25-29

174 (38.4)

107 (30.1)

 

147 (26.1)

58 (25.3)

 

20-24

169 (37.3)

102 (28.7)

 

257 (45.2)

71 (31.0)

 

< 20

18 (4.0)

10 (2.8)

 

51 (9.0)

14 (6.1)

 

Educationc, n (%)

Form 1-4 or above

154 (34.0)

87 (24.5)

0.014

179 (31.5)

58 (25.3)

0.002

Grade 1-8

254 (56.1)

229 (64.5)

 

340 (59.9)

132 (57.6)

 

No Schooling

45 (9.9)

39 (11.0)

 

49 (8.6)

39 (17.0)

 

Number of living children, median [IQR]

 

2 [2-3]

2 [2-3]

0.34

2 [2-4]

3 [2-4]

0.15

Fertility intentions, n (%)

Have another child

108 (23.8)

107 (30.1)

0.12

347 (61.1)

121 (53.1)

0.10

Not decided/Not sure

16 (3.5)

14 (3.9)

 

15 (2.6)

6 (2.6)

 

No more children

329 (72.6)

235 (66.0)

 

206(36.3)

101 (44.3)

 

Frequency of sex, n (%)

≤ 2

265 (58.5)

231 (65.1)

0.06

299 (52.7)

120 (52.6)

0.98

>  2

188 (41.5)

124 (34.9)

 

268 (47.3)

108 (47.4)

 

Treatments, n (%)

Intervention arm

226 (49.9)

178 (50.0)

0.98

279 (49.1)

120 (52.4)

0.40

Placebo arm

227 (50.1)

178 (50.0)

 

289 (50.9)

109 (47.6)

 
  1. Excluded women with tubal ligation (n = 80)
  2. aEFP - Effective methods include Injectable contraceptives, oral contraceptives, Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD), and Norplant; all other methods are classified as ‘others’
  3. bP values were calculated using Chi-square test for categorical variables, Wilcoxon Rank Sum test for continuous variables. All statistical tests were two-sided at the alpha=0.05 level. Statistically significant p-values equal to or less than 0.05 are italicized
  4. cEducation (Grade 1-8 of the elementary school; and Form 1-4 of secondary school)