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Table 1 CU prevalence and bivariate analysis between CU and individual- and cluster-level factors

From: An application of mixed-effect models to analyse contraceptive use in Malawian women

Characteristic

n

% CU

p

OR

CRI

Overall

24,562

45.57

   

Region

  

<  0.001

  

 Northern

4803

45.14

 

1

 

 Central

8417

47.15

 

1.085

(1.014, 1.167)

 Southern

11,342

44.59

 

0.908

(0.908, 1.050)

Place-of-residence

  

< 0.001

  

 Urban

5247

43.49

 

1

 

 Rural

19,315

46.14

 

1.114

(1.048, 1.184)

Age(years)

  

< 0.001

  

 15–24

10,367

30.74

 

1

 

 25–34

7624

58.12

 

3.126

(2.939, 3.333)

 35+

6571

54.42

 

2.690

(2.531, 2.886)

Parity

  

< 0.001

  

 No child

5782

6.30

 

1

 

 Children(1–3)

11,307

55.02

 

18.247

(16.200, 20.430)

 Children(4+)

7473

61.68

 

23.975

(21.242, 26.924)

Education

  

< 0.001

  

 No education

2779

47.46

 

1

 

 Primary

15,028

47.56

 

1.003

(0.925,1.091)

 Secondary

6061

40.52

 

0.753

(0.688,0.825)

 Tertiary

694

39.05

 

0.707

(0.598,0.848)

Occupation

  

< 0.001

  

 Not working

8422

34.27

 

1

 

 Manual work

4037

52.02

 

2.080

(1.928, 2.241)

 Agriculture

9374

50.78

 

1.983

(1.876, 2.099)

 Business

1135

56.39

 

2.481

(2.182, 2.808)

 Office

1594

50.69

 

1.979

(1.773, 2.232)

Marital-Status

  

<  0.001

  

 Never married

5326

9.99

 

1

 

 Divorced/widowed

1979

36.43

 

5.165

(4518, 5.847)

 Separation

1305

38.85

 

5.726

(4.953, 6.586)

 Married

15,952

59.14

 

13.066

(11.870,14.454)

Religion

  

< 0.001

  

 Christians

21,685

46.61

 

1

 

 Muslim

2726

37.42

 

0.685

(0.631, 0.742)

 No religion

113

45.13

 

0.946

(0.661, 1.359)

 Others

38

42.11

 

0.825

(0.426, 1.619)