Table 4 Fixed effects on the likelihood of unmet contraceptive need, Northern Nigeria
Characteristic | Model 1 (Wald chi-sq = 266.1; p < 0.001) | Model 2 (Wald chi-sq = 298.1; p < 0.001) | Model 3 (Wald chi-sq = 325.2; p < 0.001) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AOR | p-value | 95% CI | AOR | p-value | 95% CI | AOR | p-value | 95% CI | |
Maternal age (years) | |||||||||
 15–24 yearsa | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 25–34 years | 0.977 | 0.622 | 0.893–1.070 | 0.964 | 0.429 | 0.880–1.056 | 0.969 | 0.500 | 0.885–1.062 |
 35 years or older | 0.885 | p < 0.05 | 0.792–0.988 | 0.867 | p < 0.05 | 0.776–0.969 | 0.873 | p < 0.05 | 0.780–0.976 |
Number of living children | |||||||||
 Four or fewera | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Five or more | 1.801 | p < 0.01 | 1.652–1.963 | 1.808 | p < 0.01 | 1.658–1.971 | 1.813 | p < 0.01 | 1.663–1.977 |
Maternal education | |||||||||
 Nonea | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Primary | 1.081 | 0.105 | 0.984–1.188 | 1.030 | 0.548 | 0.935–1.136 | 1.013 | 0.809 | 0.913–1.123 |
 Secondary | 1.124 | p < 0.05 | 1.005–1.257 | 1.044 | 0.476 | 0.927–1.175 | 1.022 | 0.747 | 0.896–1.165 |
 Higher | 0.869 | 0.176 | 0.710–1.065 | 0.778 | p < 0.05 | 0.630–0.960 | 0.788 | p < 0.05 | 0.625–0.993 |
Death of a child | |||||||||
 Ever experienceda | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Never experienced | 0.882 | 0.001 | 0.819–0.949 | 0.867 | p < 0.01 | 0.805–0.934 | 0.866 | p < 0.01 | 0.805–0.933 |
Community literacy level | |||||||||
 Lowa |  |  |  | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Medium |  |  |  | 1.138 | 0.052 | 0.999–1.296 | 1.128 | 0.069 | 0.991–1.285 |
 High |  |  |  | 1.247 | p < 0.05 | 1.054–1.474 | 1.230 | p < 0.05 | 1.041–1.454 |
Community Knowledge of modern contraceptive | |||||||||
 Lowa |  |  |  | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Medium |  |  |  | 0.861 | p < 0.05 | 0.766–0.968 | 0.862 | p < 0.05 | 0.767–0.968 |
 High |  |  |  | 0.815 | 0.001 | 0.721–0.923 | 0.821 | p < 0.05 | 0.726–0.929 |
Proportion ever used modern contraceptive in community | |||||||||
 Lowa |  |  |  | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Medium |  |  |  | 0.989 | 0.849 | 0.881–1.110 | 0.988 | 0.835 | 0.880–1.108 |
 High |  |  |  | 1.030 | 0.654 | 0.906–1.170 | 1.025 | 0.700 | 0.903–1.164 |
Place of residence | |||||||||
 Urbana |  |  |  | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 Rural |  |  |  | 0.909 | 0.060 | 0.822–1.004 | 0.916 | 0.088 | 0.829–1.013 |
Geographic region | |||||||||
 North-centrala |  |  |  | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 North-east |  |  |  | 0.881 | p < 0.05 | 0.788–0.985 | 0.887 | p < 0.05 | 0.793–0.994 |
 North-west |  |  |  | 0.827 | p < 0.01 | 0.745–0.917 | 0.832 | 0.001 | 0.748–0.926 |
Barriers to healthcare | |||||||||
 At least one barriera |  |  |  |  |  |  | – | – | – |
 No barrier |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.162 | p < 0.05 | 1.040–1.299 |
Partner education | |||||||||
 Nonea |  |  |  |  |  |  | – | – | – |
 Primary |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.016 | 0.761 | 0.915–1.128 |
 Secondary |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.100 | 0.088 | 0.986–1.228 |
 Higher |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.048 | 0.514 | 0.911–1.205 |
Couple fertility desire | |||||||||
 Both want samea |  |  |  |  |  |  | – | – | – |
 Husband want more |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.057 | 0.215 | 0.968–1.153 |
 Husband want fewer |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.011 | 0.911 | 0.832–1.229 |
 Don’t know |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.193 | p < 0.01 | 1.087–1.309 |