Table 5 Frequency and factors associated with modern contraceptive use
Variables | Modern contraceptive use | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographics | (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
Age group (Years) | Â | Â | Model I | Model II |
 15-24 | 20.5 | ref |  | ref |
 25-29 | 23.5 | 1.19(0.52-2.71) |  | 0.58(0.27-1.23) |
 30-34 | 35.6 | 2.14(1.09-4.21)* |  | 0.76(0.34-1.70) |
 35-39 | 41 | 2.69(1.18-6.09)* |  | 0.71(0.28-1.82) |
 40-44 | 38.7 | 2.44(0.98-6.07) |  | 0.66(0.24-1.77) |
 45-49 | 23.2 | 1.17(0.44-3.11) |  | 0.24(0.09-0.69)* |
Highest education | ||||
 None | 15.5 | ref |  | ref |
 Primary | 29.2 | 2.25(0.91-5.55) |  | 1.29(0.61-2.73) |
 Secondary | 33.5 | 2.74(1.14-6.56)* |  | 1.24(0.57-2.68) |
 Tertiary | 41.3 | 3.82(1.64-8.88)* |  | 1.64(0.73-3.68) |
Employment | ||||
 Yes | 35.1 | ref |  | ref |
 No | 21.4 | 0.50(0.26-0.96)* |  | 0.67(0.36-1.26) |
Place of residence | ||||
 Urban | 36.8 | ref |  | ref |
 Rural | 14.4 | 0.29(0.11-0.75)* |  | 0.56(0.17-1.79) |
Wealth quintile | ||||
 Lowest | 20.4 | ref |  | ref |
 Lower | 33 | 1.92(0.88-4.21) |  | 1.55(0.75-3.19) |
 Middle | 34.6 | 2.06(0.98-4.35) |  | 2.04(0.94-4.40) |
 Higher | 36.7 | 2.26(1.08-4.73) |  | 2.02(0.97-4.21) |
 Highest | 35.5 | 2.14(0.95-4.82) |  | 1.49(0.59-3.73) |
State | ||||
 Lagos | 38.5 | ref |  | ref |
 Kano | 18.7 | 0.37(0.19-0.69)* |  | 0.52(0.25-1.08) |
Social consequences of COVID-19 | ||||
 Loss of personal income | ||||
  Small | 38.9 | ref | ref | ref |
  Moderate | 36.4 | 0.90(0.52-1.55) | 0.91(0.53-1.57) | 1.12(0.68-1.84) |
  Large | 27.6 | 0.60(0.34-1.04) | 0.57(0.33-.98) | 0.76(0.44-1.34) |
  No income | 32 | 0.74(0.42-1.30) | 0.47(0.17-1.28) | 0.87(0.47-1.59) |
 Loss of household income | ||||
  Some or partial | 32.1 | ref | ref |  |
  Total | 34.2 | 1.10(0.74-1.63) | 1.71(0.71-4.12) |  |
 Household food insecurity | ||||
  No | 31.7 | ref | ref |  |
  Yes | 37.9 | 1.31(0.83-2.06) | 1.28(0.81-2.02) |  |
 Worry about future household finance | ||||
  No | 28.3 | ref | ref |  |
  Yes | 33.1 | 1.25(0.71-2.22) | 1.12(0.65-1.93) |  |
 Economic reliance on partner | ||||
  No | 35 | ref | ref |  |
  Yes | 29.8 | 0.79(0.50-1.24) | 0.79(0.51-1.22) |  |
Marital and reproductive characteristics | ||||
 No of times married/cohabitted | ||||
  Once | 33.5 | ref |  |  |
  More than one | 25.4 | 0.68(0.30-1.51) |  |  |
 Family type |  |  |  |  |
  Monogamy | 34.3 | ref |  |  |
  Polygynous | 27.1 | 0.71(0.41-1.23) |  |  |
 Children ever-born | ||||
   < =1 | 21.4 | ref |  | ref |
  2 | 32.5 | 1.77(0.98-3.20) |  | 1.43(0.79-2.59) |
  3 | 37.6 | 2.22(1.30-3.79)* |  | 1.82(1.03-3.20)* |
  4 | 42.9 | 2.77(1.61-4.77)* |  | 2.45(1.36-4.39)* |
   > =5 | 29.2 | 1.52(0.78-2.94) |  | 2.89(1.25-6.74)* |
 History of pregnancy termination in past 3 years | ||||
  No | 33.2 | ref |  |  |
  Yes | 27.9 | 0.78(0.43-1.41) |  |  |
 Changed mind |  |  |  |  |
  No | 32.8 | ref |  |  |
  Yes | 31.5 | 0.94(0.56-1.60) |  |  |
 Fertility preference |  |  |  |  |
  Consistent | 33.6 | ref |  |  |
  Inconsistent | 30.3 | 0.86(0.59-1.27) |  |  |
 Disposition to pregnancy |  |  |  |  |
  Happy | 19.3 | ref |  | ref |
  Unhappy | 41.5 | 2.97(2.06-4.29)* |  | 2.48(1.72-3.58)* |